B
No.2-10银卡 · B 级证据
认真刷牙，每天清一次牙缝，缺牙及时补
说人话
每天用牙线或牙缝刷的人，同期死亡的概率低约一成。牙掉光的老人，死亡的概率高约九成。剩不到 20 颗牙的，高约一倍。电动牙刷比手动刷多去掉一到两成牙菌斑，牙龈发炎也轻一些，但这点差别有多大用还说不清。
收益 · 换回什么
日本有一项研究，9676 人，跟踪 6 年。用牙缝清洁工具的人，死亡风险低约 11%（风险比 0.89）。用舌苔清洁工具的人，低约 23%（0.77）。另外把多项研究合起来算，对象是住在社区的老人。一颗牙都没有的人，死亡的机会约为 1.87 倍（比值比，95% CI 1.35–2.59，这是可信范围）。牙齿少于 20 颗的，约为 2.04 倍（1.67–2.49）。电动和手动比：把 51 项随机试验合起来算，用 1 到 3 个月，电动刷的牙菌斑少约 11%，3 个月以上少约 21%。牙龈炎分别轻约 6% 和 11%。综述作者说，这些差别对健康有多重要还不清楚
来源 · 4 条链接Wang K, Matsuyama Y, Kiuchi S, et al. (2026). Routine oral health practices and all-cause mortality. Journal of Dentistry. doi.org/…
Ko MJ, Seo S, So JS, et al. (2026). Deteriorated oral health and function as risk factors for physical disability and mortality in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Geriatric Medicine. doi.org/…
Yaacob M, Worthington HV, Deacon SA, et al. (2014). Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi.org/…
Deacon SA, Glenny AM, Deery C, et al. (2010). Different powered toothbrushes for plaque control and gingival health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi.org/…
Ko MJ, Seo S, So JS, et al. (2026). Deteriorated oral health and function as risk factors for physical disability and mortality in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Geriatric Medicine. doi.org/…
Yaacob M, Worthington HV, Deacon SA, et al. (2014). Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi.org/…
Deacon SA, Glenny AM, Deery C, et al. (2010). Different powered toothbrushes for plaque control and gingival health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi.org/…