A
No.2-39金卡 · A 级证据
上夜班干得越久心血管风险越高,能转岗就趁早转
说人话
上夜班的人,心血管病比不上夜班的人多约 13%,心血管死亡多约 27%。而且干得越久越多:每多上 5 年夜班,心血管病再多约 7%。所以这笔账按年数算,能转岗就趁早。至于夜班致癌,证据比流传的说法软得多。
收益 · 换回什么
把 23 项跟踪研究合起来算,只记录、不分组。上夜班的人心血管事件风险高约 13%(RR 1.13,95% CI 1.10–1.16,这是可信范围)。心血管死亡高约 27%(RR 1.27,1.18–1.36)。按年数看:每多上 5 年夜班,心血管病发生率再高约 7%(RR 1.07,1.04–1.09),心血管死亡再高约 5%(RR 1.05,1.03–1.06)。分病看,冠心病发生高约 22%(1.22,1.16–1.28),冠心病死亡高约 22%(1.22,1.10–1.36),缺血性心脏病死亡高约 39%(1.39,1.06–1.84),卒中死亡高约 49%(1.49,1.04–2.12)。卒中的发生率那一项不显著(1.06,0.95–1.18)。
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Shen QM, Li ZY, Tan YT, 等 (2026). Night shift work and risk of total and site-specific cancer: results from a prospective cohort study among Chinese men. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment &
Health. doi.org/…
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